Radiator-forming machine



May 15; 1928. 1,669,761

1 J. KARMAZIN RADIATOR FORMING MACHINE Filed Feb. 17, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 May 15, 1928. 1,669,761

' J. KARMAZIN RADIATOR FORMING MACHINE Filed Feb.17, 1926 V 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR JOHN K/IEM Z/N May 15, 1928.

J. KARMAZIN RADIATOR FORMING MACHINE 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Feb. 17, 1926 INVENTOR ATTORNEY May 15, 1928.

J. KARMAZIN RADIATOR FORMING MACHINE Filed Feb. .v 192. 6 Sheets-Sheet -4 Q INVENTOR N JO/M/ m4 flZ/A/ ATTORNEY6 M Y B mam k mw nm J. KARMAZIN RADIATOR FORMING MACHINE Filed ,Feb.l7, 1926 May 15, 1928. v

6 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTO R.

HTTORN EY H3 wnm Patented May 15, 1928.

U'NITED.STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN KARMAZIN, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

RADIATOBPFOBMING MACHINE.

Application filed February This invention relates to machines for building radiators for internal combustion engines, and this application is in part a continuation of m co-pending application Ser. No. 723,860, filled July 3, 1924.

In the above application, I have described a process for manufacturing radiator cores of thefin and tube type, each of said radiator cores comprisin 1o fin elements having integral ta ered tu ular pzojections, the projections 0 one element ing adapted to telescope into the projections of the adjacent element whereby continuous water tubes are formed through the core.

It is one of the objects of the present invention to provide a machine for forming and assembling the elements of my improved radiator as described above.

Another object of the invention is to provide a machine for constructing a radiator from a strip of sheet metal.

A further object of the invention is to provide a machine comprising a radiator element forming device and a radiator element stacking device and common means for controllin and operating said forming and stacking evices in synchrony.

A further object of the invention is to provide amachine for manufacturing radiators in which a strip of sheet metal is progressively deformed to provide rows of transverse tubes without materially thinning or weakening the strip and to assemble strips so formed into a radiator.

Another object of the invention is to pro-, vide a machine for forming the tubular projections from the strip of material, cutting the strip into suitable lengths and stacking the cut lengths and to correlate and synchronize these operations so that the machine will operate automatically and will stop automatically when the required number of strips has been stacked to' form one one operator can attend to several mach nes.

Various other objects and advantages will appear as the description of the invention proceeds.

Referring now to the drawings, which illustrate a preferred form of embodiment of the invention,--

Fig. 1 is a side view partially in section embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 1s a device.

a stack of super osed detail of the element cutting 17, 1926. Serial No. 88,738.

Fig. 3 is a detail of the driving rollers.

Fig. 4 1s a plan view of the machine shown in Fig. 1, certain parts being broken away for greater clearness,

Fig. 5 is an elevation of the element formmg and feeding devices, taken approximately on the line 55 of Fig. 1.

F g. 6 is a plan view of the forming die.

7 1s a section on the line 77 of 1g. Fig. 8 is an end elevation showing a detail of construction of the stacking mechamsm. I

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the foot control levers.

F 1g. 10 is a perspective View of a device to support the element before it is cut.

Fig. '11 is a vertical section through the upper and lower dies on the line 11-11 of Fig. 6. i Fig. 12 is a sectional view of the perforat mg punch on the line 1 2-12 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 13 is a front elevation of an assembled radiator.

Fig. 14 is a plan view, and Fig. 15 is a sectional view, of a strip of material in the course of formation.

16 is an enlarged detail, partially in isection, of a portion of an assembled radiaor. r

Fig. 17 is a sectional view showing how the baffle wings are bent to shape by the feed rollers.

In the particular embodiment of the invention illustrated, the machine frame comprises a supporting base 16 (Fig. 1) carried on pedesta s 17 to which base are secured uprights 18, formed with bearings 19 adapted to receive the crank shaft 20. Power is applied to the crank shaft through the belt wheel 21. Rotation of the crank shaft reciprocates a plunger 22 which is guided for vertical movement in the uprights 18.

The die mechanism which operates onthe strip of sheet material 15 comprises downwardly extending forming punches and out? ters carried by the upper male. die member 23 on the plunger 22, and cooperating re cessed female dies carried on the lower die strip material advances from forming. punching and trimming tools 25, 26, 27, 28 and 29, is secured to the head 23. A recessed plate 30, provided with recessed dies 261, 271. 281, and 291, in alignment respectively with the forming and other tools 26, 2T, 28 and 29, is secured to the supporting base 16. Spring pressed plungers 31 adapted to lift the strip being formed out of the die recesses to permit the strip to be fed forward. are disposed below the dies 261. An intermediate die block 24.1 perforated to permit the passage of plungers 25, 26, 27, 28 and 29 thcrethrough and to guide the same is supported on the plate 30 by the spacing blocks 241 and is secured thereto by the pins 301.

The tools 25 are fiat faced plungers adapted to cooperate with the flat top of the die block 30 to flatten or smooth out the metal strip 15 which is bent out of shape by the .action of the first forming die.26. The

function of the several dies 26 and 261 is to progressively form on and from the strip, 15, rows of integral tubular projections transverse to the strip, and to accomplish this result without rupturing the strip or mate rially thinning or weakening the metal which goes into the tubes. To this end the first dies 26 which the strip encounters are adapted to form broad shallow depressions such as 33 in the strip, this operation reducing or drawing in the width of the strip, as clearly shown at 33 in Fig. 14. The succeeding dies 26 progressively deepen and narrow the depressions 33, as shown in Figs. 14 and 15, but do not further reduce the width of the strip, or materially reduce the thickness at any point. In other words, the first operation displaces more than sufficient metal into the die 261 for the formation of the complete tubes, and the succeeding operations progressively reform a portion of this metal into tubes of the proper size, shape and thii kness. Thus, the rim of the initial depression which because of the shape of the depression is necessarily the most strained and weakest part of the strip, is forced back into the plane of the strip by the narrowing of the depression, leaving substantially unstrainedmaterial of the original thickness and strength to form the walls of the tubes. By thus starting with an initially thin strip of metal 15 and forming the tubes 34 therefrom without materially thinning the strip, it is possible to form water-tight tubes of sound metal and still keep the weight of the assembled radiator very low because of the initially thin strips of which it is composed.

The tools 27 and dies 271 cooperate to perforate the bottoms of the tubes so as to leave an integrally diametrically extending bar 3&1 having depending wings in the bottom of the fully formed tube, although it will be obvious that the bottom of the tubes can be perforated in any other way. By leaving an integral bar 341" which extends across the bottom of the tubes 34 and conducts the heat from the center of the water columns and acts with the wings 341 as a battle to divert the center of the water column out and toward the cooler walls of the tubes, the efficiency of the radiator is not only increased some 50%, as described in my co-pendiug application Ser. No. 2,742, filed January 16, 1925,- but the punching dies 27 and 271 last much longer in service than where they are required to completely remove the bottom of the tube. The plungers 28 and dies 281 are adapted to perforate the strip between the tubes 34, forming projections 35 for the purpose of securing improved circulation of air about the tubes and fins and greater radiation of heat, and the tools 29 and 291 are cutters adapted to trim the edges of the strip and also to regulate the feed of the strip between reciprocations of the plunger head 23. The cutters are as long as the distance between centres of adjacent dies 26 and the forward edges thereof, as defined by the spacing members 241, form stops 242 which halt the forward movement of the strip after each elevation of the upper die member so that at each depression of the upper die member 23 a complete series of depressions and perforations as shown at the left in Fig. 15 is formed and a rectangular strip as long as the distance between the die members is trimmed ofil by the cutters, and on raising of the die 23 the strip is advanced until the untrimmed edge contacts with the shoulders 242,-thc correct distance for the next. forming step.

Since commercial rolled strip metal such as my machine is adapted to use, is rarely or never of uniform thickness, one edge of the strip being almost invariably slightly thicker than the other edge, I design the row of forming dies adjacent one edge of the strip to operate on metal of'a slightly different thickness than the row ad acent the opposite edge to provide for uniform op eration of the die and uniform operation upon both sides of the strip.

The means for supporting the supply roll of strip metal are constructed as follows. A bracket 37 is pivotally secured to a projection 36 on the supporting base 10 and to the bracket 37 is pivoted an arm 38 carrying, a supporting spindle 30 adapted to receive a roll of strip mctal40. The strip leaving said roll passes through an oil bath 41 into which it is depressed by a roller 42, under a guide rod 43 and thence to the forming machine. As hereinbefore stated the dies of one edge of the forming machine are adapted for metal of greater thickness than the dies at the opposite edge. i. e., by making one row of plungers 26 adjacent one side of the die .001 inch longer or shorter than the plungers of the other rows. The supply roll till must therefore be turned so that the thicker metal will be opposite the proper dies. It will be seen that this condition may be satisfied on the roller strips by turning the roll so that the strip will leave some rolls at the top and other rolls at the bottom, according to which is the thickest side of the strip' when rolled or coiled on the spool. It is desirable, however, that the strip shall leave the roll at approximately the same position relative to the forming machine and the oil bath. T o secure this result the arm 38 which carries the strip roll is pivoted to the frame 37 and is adapted to be supported at different elevations by a stop pin 441 which can be inserted in either of two openings 44 and 45 in the frame 37. In the position of the arm 38 and roll 40 shown in the full lines of Fig. 1, the stop 441.- is inserted in opening 44, and the strip 15 is run off from the top of the roll with the thick part opposite the proper row of plungers 26; while in the position of these parts shown in dot and dash lines the arm is in engagement with the stop in opening 45, and the bottom of the roll from which the strip is now fed is at approximately the same place as the top of the roll in the first position. The means for feeding or drawing the strip of metal through the forming machine, and the path of formed radiator material from the forming machine to the cutting and stacking machine is as follows: A shaft 46, journaled in brackets 47, supported in part by the supporting base 16', is driven from the crank shaft 20 by means of pairs of bevel gears 48 and 49 and a connecting shaft 50. A pinion 51 on the shaft 46 meshes with a pinion 52 on a short shaft 53. The shaft 46 carries a circumferentially grooved roller 54 and the shaft 53 carries a smooth roller 55 which engages the roller 54, the line of contact of said rollers being approximately in the plane of the strip of formed material as it leaves the forming machine. The circumferential grooves 54 in the roller 54 are adapted to provide a passage for the tubes 34 as the strip 15 passes between the rollers. Additional grooves 54 are provided in the bottom of the grooves 54 to bend the wings 341 into substantially a vertical position as indicated in Fig. 15. The cutters 271 leave the wings at an angle with the verticalas shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 15 and as the tube approaches the groove 54 the ends of the wings 341 engage with the top of'the, groove 54". As the tube moves into the groove 54 the ends of the wings are forced down the tapering sides of the groove 54",

thus bending the wings into substantially a vertical position, as shown in Figs. 16 and 17. Each of these rollers is preferably formed to resemble the frustrums of two cones placed end to end,-the surface of the upper roller 55 diverging from the centerand the surface of the lower roller 54 converging from the center. This gives the strip a slightbend or raised portion along nected with the bearings 331 of the shaft 53.

As clearly shown in Fig. 1 the toe 59 contacts with the bracket 47 at such a point that downward pressure on the handle 58 will rock the toe 59 under the leverpivot, and lift the pivot and with it the shaft 53 and roller 55. v i

It will be understood that while the rotation of the feed rollers 54, '55 is continuous the feeding movement of the element strip is intermittent. The stri' is retained against movement during t e forming or downward movement of the head 23 by the stops 242, and at this time there is a sli between the feed rollers and the strip. Eac depression of the head 23, however, not only depresses the forming plungers 26, etc., but also depresses the cutters 29 so that a portion of the edge of the strip equal in length to the distance between the dies 261 is trimmed off and when the head 23 and cutter 29 are raised, the strip is advanced one step by the rollers 54, 55 until the forward edge. of the untrimmed portion strikes the stop 242.

The device for cutting the formed strip, fed from the forming machine b the feed rollers 54, 55 into suitable lengt s for radiator elements comprises cutters supported in a face plate 61. The upper or fixed cutter 62 is adjustably held against the face plate by screws 63 passing through slots 64, and is positively secured against upward movement by set screws 65 passing downward through a laterally extending part 66 of the face plate 61. The lower or reciprocating cutter 621 is guided for vertical movement by guide plates 68 secured to the face plate 61.

To urge the strip downward against the movable cutter and .to promptly disengage the cut ends from the cutters and force them downward toward the stack, an L -spring 651 is, provided to bear on the top of the strip between the feed rollers and cutter, a band spring 651' is provided on the face plate 66 just behind the cutter, and a leaf spring 651 is provided in the top of the stacker frame. The-spring 651 is secured in a groove 80. in the frame of the stacker so that when the stacked elements are compressed against the upper frame. This spring is temporarily flattened and enters completely into the groove 80". The mechanism for reciprocating the cutter 621 comprises a bell crank 68 which carries a pin (59 adapted to engage a transverse slot 70 in the cutter 621. The bell crank 68 is pivoted at 71 on the face plate 61 and is held with the cutter (36 in depressed position by a spring (381 extending between a part of the hell crank and the edge of the face plate 61. The bell crank carries an adjustable cam follower 72 adapted to be engaged by a cam 73 on a disc 74 carried by a short shaft 75, which is rotated by means of a worm and gear connection 7677 with the feed roller shaft 46, which shaft, it will be recalled, is driven by crank shaft 20. It will be apparent that the cutter 621 will be actuated regularly after a predetermined number of operations of the forming machine, and thus elements of a uniform length will be cut from the formed strip. The cutter 621 may be set at an angle to cut a strip containing two rows of tubes so the cut will clear the tubes or it'may be offset to clear the tubes by a cut as illustrated in Fig. 14 at the end of the strip. It will be understood that the cutter is only actuated while the strip is being held stationary by the shoulders 242, so that absolute uniformity in length of the cut elements is assured.

The mechanism for receiving the elements formed by the forming machine and cut off by the cutters is constructed as follows:

In alignment with the strip as it is advanced through the machine is a stacking frame comprising a base 78, uprights 79, and .a top plate 80. An elongated element receiving table 8l, extending between the uprights 79, is supported on screws 82 extending through threaded bosses integral with the table. The screws 82 are supported in bearings in the top plate 80, and are provided above said plate with pinions 83 and 84, in mesh with an intermediate idler 85. Pinion 84 meshes with a gear 86 having a one way driving connection with a bevel gear 88 connected through a universal joint 89 with the shaft 75, which it will be recalled is driven from the crank shaft 20. By means of gearing just described, the table 81 is gradually lowered as successive elements are placed thereon and the level of the top of elements on the. table is kept a little below the level at which elements are delivered by the cutters.

In order to prevent the tubular projections of an element being fed into the machine, from catching in the tubes of an element already deposited and thus buckling the element, supporting fingers 110 (Fig. 10) may be employed. These supporting fingers may be attached to levers 11L pivdirection.

oted at 112 at each side of the stacking machine to brackets 113 attached to top late of the machine. The upper ends 0 the levers 111 are pivotally connected to levers 114 and 115 which are in turn pivotally connected to the upper and lower edge respectively of a disc 116 mounted on a shaft 117 rotatably mounted in brackets 118 attached to the top plate 80 of the stacking frame.

A lever 115) is rigidly attached to the shaft 117 and the other end of the lever is pivotally connected to an operatin .lever 120. The operating lever 120 has a sfot 121 at its lower end through which passes a pin 122 attached to the movable cutter 621 already described.

The holding fingers and operating mechanism are represented in normal position in Fig. 10. The radiator element forming strip is advanced by the rollers 54 and 55 throng 1 the cutters 62, (521 and over the top of the fingers 110, as shown in dot and dash lines, the rear end of the fingers being downwardly inclined as indicated so as to pick up the end of the strip in case it has fallen below its normal path. When the required length of strip has passed the cutter 621 the cutter operates as already described. This moves the lever 120 in an upwardly direction which revolves the lever 11.) about the axis of the shaft 117 which causes the shaft and hence the disc 116 to turn in a clockwise This, as is evident, draws the upper ends of the levers'lll together, and as they are pivoted at 112, moves apart the lower ends and the fingers 110 attached thereto.

At every operation of the cutter 621, therefore, the lingers 110 are caused to separate, allowing the strip held thereupon to fall upon the elements already disposed beneath the springs 651 and (351 tending to throw the strip downward. lVhen the cutter returns to its normal osition, the lever 120 isvdrawn down by t e sprin 123 attached between the lever 120 an the face plate 61 of the cutting mechanism, returning the fingers 110 into position to support the strip being fed to the stacking machine.

If it is desired to use the machine without operating the fingers 110 a catch lever 124 is provided. This lever has a notch 125 which, when the lever is raised. may rest upon the edge ofthe top plate 80 of the frame and hold the lever in a raised position, with the fingers 110 withdrawn from the path of the-element. Theslot 121 in the lever 120 permits the lever 120 to be held in the raised position without interfering with the operation of the cutter 621. Each element, as it is dropped down upon the preceding elements is pressed into engagement therewith by the presser fingers 210 (Figs. 4 and 8) which are moved by the rock shaft 7 214, extends rearwardly from the shaft 211,

in position to engage with a cam finger 215 on the disk 74, so that at each revolution of the disk 74, the presser fingers are depressed,

-preferably soon after the operation of the cutter 621, to press the cut element on the stack. A coil spring 216 returns the presser fingers to their elevated position above the path of the incoming element.

When the desired number of elements have been placed on the table they may be compacted into a rigid radiator core by elevating the table 81 by hand or otherwise, and compressing the stack between the table 81 and the top frame plate 80. To facilitate the raising of the table for this purpose, one of the screws 82 may terminate in a squared shank 90 adapted to receive a suitable hand wheel by which the screws 82 may be turned in reverse direction to that in which they are driven by the machine to effect the desired compression of the stack or to raise the table to its initial receiving position when the completed core has been removed from thetable, asuitable one way connection being provided between the gear 88 and the stacking machine to permit this to be done without operating the entire machine in reverse-direction.

Means are provided for automatically stop ing the-motion of the machine when a p: etermined number of elements have 11 made and stacked on the receiving table 81. For this purpose the lowering of the table 81 to a predetermined position is .utilized to actuate a-clutch controlling descrew vice. A pin 91 is adjustably secured to the table 81. As the table is lowered in the operation of the machine to a position determinedby the adjustment of pin 91, said pin engages a lever 92 attached to a shaft 93, mounted in suitable bearings at the base of the machine. The other end of the lever 92 extends a short distance beyond the shaft 93 and carries a screw 94 which may be set toqregulatethe relative normal horizontal position of jithe lever 92. A lever 95 is also attached to. the shaft 93 and carries a roller 96 adapted toengage with the end of an OS- cillat lever 97 pivoted at 98 to a bracket 99 attz hed to one of the pedestals 17 of the; machine. The depression of the lever. 92

causes, a clockwise rotation of the shaft 93 which raises the roller 96 attached to the lever% and causes the lever 97 to move about the pivot 98. vThe upper end of the oscillating lever 97 is pivotally .connected to a sliding rod 100 sup orted in suitable brackets 101 from'the b y of the machine, and causes this rod to move to the right in Fig. ,1. A block 102 carrying an adjustable 103 is attached to the rod 100 andrthe screw 108c0ntacts with a trip' rod 104 pivoted in a bracket 105 to the body of the ma.- chine and pushes it to the right causing the trip rod 104 to operate a suitable clutch (not shown) to stop the machine.

The shaft 93 is extended to the other side of the machine where the operating foot levers shown in Fig. 9 are connected to it in the following manner.

A lever 106 having a pedal 106' at its extreme end is attached to the end of the shaft 93 and is adapted to turn the shaft, when the pedal 106 is depressed by the foot of the operator, reversely to the direction in which the shaft is turned by the operation of the in 91 and lever 92. Another lever 107 havmg a pedal 107" is pivoted to a bracket 108, attached to the floor, and is connected to the lever 106 by means of the pin 106, attached to the lever 106 passing through the slot 107 in the lever 107. When the pedal 107 is depressed the lever 107 turns aboutthepivot on the bracket 108 and by means of the pin 106 and slot 107 the lever 106 is also caused'to move, thereby turning the shaft 93. It is evident, therefore, that upon either of pedals 106 or 107 being depressed the shaft 93 is turned in the same direction which moves the lever 95, allowing the lever 97 to move and the rod 100 and trip rod 104 to return to their operating positions, thereby operating the clutch and starting the mamachine adapted to receive it, and the supporting pin 441is placed in the appropriate opening. If the strip leaves the roll at the top, pin 441 is placed in opening 44, while if the strip leaves the bottom of the roll, opening 45 will be used. The end of the strip is then passed under the roller 42 and the rod 43, over. the die block 30, and between the feed rollers 54 and 55, the roller 55 being raised against the tension of springs 56 to ermit the entrance of the end of the strip by the operator pressing downward on the handle 58. The table 81 is then elevated to a position, slightly below the level of the cutters 62, 621, by rotating the screws 82' by means of a handle applied to the squared shank 90.

The machine is then set in operation by depressing either of the clutch pedals 106 or 107. As the plungerhead 23 descends, the plunger 25 acts to flatten the strip ahead of the first plunger-s 26, and to straighten the strip from any bending which has been caused by the previous depression of the punches. The first plungers 26 form wide shallow depressions in the strip, At the same time the cutting tools 29 notch the III 23 is raised the spring plungers 31 lift the strip out of engagement with the dies 261 etc., permitting the feed rollers 54 and 55, which are continuously rotated, to advance the strip until the rear edge of the notch cut by cutting tool 29 engages the stops 242. This movement brings the depressions made by the first series of dies 26 into alignment with the second series of (lies, which dies upon the second downward stroke of the plunger head 23 reform a portion of the depressions to a narrower and deeper shape at the same time that the first dies are forming another series of broad and shallow depressions. As the plunger head 23 continues to reciprocate and the strip to be intermittently advanced, the depressions are successively reformed in succeeding dies until they have assumed the proper shape. The punches 27 then cut and bend a portion of the bottom of the depressions, to form the wings 341 and bar 341 and the tubes are complete. The dies 28 and 281 perforate the strip in the manner indicated intermediate the tubes, the cutters 29, already mentioned, trim the edges, and the strip thus formed passes through the feed rollers 54, 55 and the aperture between the cutters 62, 621.

As the machine continues to operate worm 77 on the shaft 46 rotates disk 74 and periodically brings cam T3 into engagement with follower '72. thus rocking the bell crank 68 to lift the knife G21 and cut the formed strip into elements of uniform length. The cutter (521 raises the lever 120 thereby spreading the lingers and allowing the element just cut to be superposed on the receiving table 81 or on the other elements on said table, said table being slowly lowered through the rotation of screws 82 by pinions 83, 84, etc., to keep the top of the stack of elements at a little below the level of the cutters, as is more completely described in my copending application Ser. No. 716,943, filed May 31, 1924. As each element is dropped upon the stack, it is temporarily pressed into position by the pressing fingers 110.

r The pin 91 having previously been set to engage the lever 92 when the table 81 has been lowered through a distance corresponding to the desired number of elements, i. e., when the number of elements necessary to form a radiator core have been laced on the table, the lever 92, will be rocked by the pin 91, turning the shaft 93 and with it the pedals 196 and 107 and swinging the trip 'rod 104 by means of levers 95, 97 and rod 100, thus stopping the machine. The table 81 with the loosely stacked elements thereon is then raised by manually rotating the screws 83, and the stack of elements is coinpacted into the radiator core shown in Fig. 13. This rad ator core is then removed for such further treatment as is required before forming into the complete radiator, the table is restored to its initial position, and the machine again set in operation. Fig. 16 shows on an enlarged scale the appearance of the nested tubes in the finished radiator.

The mechanism herein illustrated and described, forms one embodiment of a radiator strip forming, cutting and stacking machine. Various modifications and changes may be made in the construction disclosed, andother embodiments may be used without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims, which are intended to cover various embodiments and changes.

I claim:

1. In a machine of the character described, means for forming tubular projections on a strip of sheet material, and means for assembl'ng successive sections of said material with the tubular projections thereof in engaging relation.

2. In a machine of the character described, means for forming tubular projections on a strip of sheet material, means for cutting said strip into elements, and means for superposing said elements with the projections thereof in engaging relation.

3. In a machine of the character described, means for forming tubular projections on a strip of sheet material, the walls of said projections being of substantially the same thickness as the sheet, and means for assembl'ng the strip thus formed into'a radiator.

4. In a machine of the character described, means for forming a plurality of broad shallow depressions in a strip of sheet material, means for progressively reforming said depressions into recesses of a predetermined size and shape, means for perforating the bottoms of said recesses to form tubes, means for perforating said sheet at points intermediate said tubes, a shearing device for cutting the strip thus formed into elements, and a mechanism for assembling said elements into a radiator.

5. In a machine of the character described, a supporting device for a supply of sheet material, means for progressively forming on and from said sheet a plurality of tubular projections without substantially weal;- ening or thinning the material of said sheet, a means for cutting the strip thus formed into elements, means for superposing the elements thus formed with the projections of successive elements in engaging relation, and means for compacting the elements so superposed so that said projections form continuous water tubes.

6. In a radiator makin machines. means for forming a strip of radiator element forming material from a strip of sheet ma- 1 terial, a device for cutting the strip thus formed into elements of uniform length, a stacking device adapted to superpose a predetermined number of said elements, and means for interrupting the operation of the l machine when said predetermined number of elements have been superposed.

7. In a radiator making machine, automatic means for preparing a strip of radiator forming material from a strip of sheet material and for superposin sections of said radiator forming materia and means. for manually compacting the elements so superposed into a radiator.

8. In a machine of the character described, mechanism for preparing a strip of radiator forming material from a strip of sheet material, said mechainsm comprising a reciproeating plunger, means to actuate said plunger, a feeding device, a cutting device, a stacking device, and means for actuating said feeding, cutting and stacking devices from said actuating means.

9. In a machine of the character described,

9 a radiator element strip forming device comprising a drive shaft, a pair of feed rollers adapted to receive and advance the strip formed by said device, a cutter adapted to out said stri into elements of a predeter- 5 mined length, a receiving table adapted to receive the elements so formed, means adapted to lower said table as successive elements are placed thereon, means for actuating said I rollers, said cutter and said table lowering means from said drive shaft, and for inter-" rnpting the motion of said drive shaft when said table has been lowered a predetermined amount.

10. A machine of the character described comprising a radiatorelement strip forming 11. A machine of the character described comprising means for forming from a flat strip of material a strip of radiator element forming material comprising transverse tubular projections, a cutting device, means for feeding said radiator element forming material to said cutting device, and means adapted to receive the sections of said material delivered by said cutting device in r superposed engaging relation.

12. A machinee for manufacturing elements for radiators comprising means for producing a shallow depressionof predeterinined outline in a piece of sheet metal, a plurality of devices for increasing the depth of the depression and simultaneously decreasing its outline in a plurality of steps, said steps being so graduated that the metal is not appreciably thinned adjacent whereb the depression, and means for opening a portion of the bottom of the depression to form fins on the bottom thereof.

13. A machine for manufacturing elements for radiators comprising means for producing a plurality of shallow depressions of predetermined outline disposed on one side of a'strip of sheet metal, and a plurality of devices for increasing the depth of the depressions and simultaneously decreasing their outline in a plurality of steps, said steps being so graduated that the metal is not appreciably thinned in the depressions.

14. A machine for manufacturing elements for radiators comprising means for producing a shallow dcpression of predetermined outline in a strip of sheet metal the strip is narrow-ed, means for producing a similar depression at the side of the first depression, means for thereafter increasing the depth of the depression and simultaneously decreasing their outline, and means for trimming the sheet.

15. In combination, a device for-supplying a strip of sheet material from a roll thereof, a device for lubricating the strip, a device for forming a plurality of spaced apart transverse tubes in the sheet, and drawing means to draw the strip through the aforesaid forming device.

16. In combination, a plurality of cooperative die mechanisms adapted to form transverse tubes in a strip of sheet metal as it is. advanced through the die mechanism, drawing devices for drawing the strip through the die mechanism, and trimming devices for the finished strip, said trimmirig devices arrest-ing the motion of the strip when the die mechanisms are working on the strip.

17. A radiator forming machine of the type described including a die comprising a lower die member and a corresponding upper punch member, including a smoothing foot, a plurality of progressively shaped tube shaping members, a. plurality of tube punches and aplurality of fin punches.

18. A radiator forming machine of the type described including a die comprising alower die member and a corresponding upper punch member, including a smoothing foot a luralit of iro 'ressive'l sha ed a P. a

tube shaping members, a plurality of tube punches, a plurality of fin punches and a trimming device for the fin.

19. A- radiator strip forming machine of. the type described including an upper and lower die member comprising a plurality of uniformly spaced shaping dies, adapted to progressively form frnsto-conical 4 projections from a strip of fiat material. and acutter for trimming the edge of said strip, the length of the cutting portion of said cutter being the same as the spacing of said shaping dies.

20. A radiator strip forming machine of the type described, including a die member, a plurality of uniformly spaced shaping dies, a palr of shoulders in said die to act as stop members for said strip and a pair of cutters adjacent said shoulder adapted to trim from the edge of said strip a length of material equal to the spacing of the shaping dies at each operation of the die member.

21. In a. strip shaping machine of the type described, a die including means in said die to form a wide shallow depression in said strip and means in front of said forming means to smooth out the wrinkles in said strip caused by the forming of said wide shallow depression.

22. In a machine of the type described including a die, a plurality of rows of male and female die members, the male die members of some rows being of different length from the male die members pf the other rows to adapt the machine to variation in the thickness of material operated upon.'

.23. In a machine for forming tubular projections from a strip of fiat material, a die, a plurality of rows, having a greater clearance than the die members of other rows, a stock roll bracket and means to adjust the bracket to permit the thicker side of the stock strip to pass through the row of dies having greater clearance.

24. In a machine of the character described, a radiator element strip forming device, a drive shaft, a pair of feed rollers adapted to receive and advance the strip formed by said device, a cutter adapted to cut said strip into elements of a predetermined length, a receiving table adapted to receive the elements so formed, means to support said strip above said table before being .cut and to release the element cut from said 26. In combination, a plurality of coop- .crative die mechanisms adapted to form transverse tubes in a strip of sheet metal as it is advanced through the die mechanism, drawing devices for drawing the strip through the die mechanism, a cutting device for cutting the formed strip into elements of uniform length, and trimming devices for the edge of the finished strip, said trimming devices arresting the motion of the strip when the die mechanisms and the Cllttll'lj device are working on the strip.

27. In a radiator forming machine, mean to supply radiator forming material to th machine. means to pass the material throng] the machine, means to form a plurality o integral tubular projections on the materia as it passes through the machine, and mean to cut the material into elements of uniforn size.

28. In a radiator forming machine, mean to supply radiator forming material in stri form to the machine, means for passing tin material through the machine, means fo: forming a plurality of rows of integra tubular projections on the strip as it passe: through the-machine, and means to cut tlu material into elements of uniform lcngtl and width.

29. In a radiator forming machine, mean: to supply radiator forming material to tln machine, means to pass the material througl the machine, means for forming a plurality of integral tapered projections on the mate rial without rupturing the material, anc means to perforate the bottoms of said projections after they have received their lina shape.

30. In a radiator forming machine, means to form a plurality of rows of integral tubular projections from a flat sheet of metal means to cut the formed sheet into elements of uniform size, means to stack the elemcnh in superposed relation with the projections of one element in registry with the projections of the preceding clement, means for pressing one element against the other, and means for compacting the stack of elements.

31. In a radiator forming machine, means to supply radiator forming material in strip form, means to form a plurality of integral tubular projections on the strip, means to intermittently advance the material through said forming means and to feed it to a stacking table, means to support said strip over the stacking table as it is fed thereto, means to sever the strip into elements of predetermined lcngth, and means to release said supporting device to permit the elements to drop upon the stacking table.

32. In a radiator forming machine. means to supply radiator forming material in strip form, means to form a plurality of integral tubular projections on the strip, means to intermittently advance the material through said forming means and to feed it to a stacking table, means to support said strip over the stacking table as it is fed thereto, means to sever the strip into elements of predetermined length, means to release said supporting device to permit the elements to drop upon the stacking table, and spring means to urge said released elements downward.

33. In a radiator forming machine, means to supply radiator forming material in strip tubular pro ections on means to 'press the form, means to form a plurality of integral tubular pro'ections on the strip, means intermittent y advance the material throu h said forming means and to feed it to a stac ing table means to support saidstrip over the stacking table as it is fed thereto, means to sever the strip into elements of predeterminedlength, meansto release said supporting device to permit the elements to drop upon the stacking table, spring means to urge said released elements downward, and means to press the elements on said stacking table together. I

34. In a radiator forming machine, means to supply radiator forming material in strip 'form, means to form a plurality of integra the strip, means to the material throu h intermittent y advance to feed it to a stac said forming means and ing table,

table as it is fed thereto, means mined length, means to release said supporting device .to permit the elements to drop upon the stac 'ng table, spring means to urge said released elements downward, elements on said stacking table together, and means to maintain the top of the stack approximately a constant level as successive elements are deposited thereon.

35. In a radiator stri forming machine, means to form a plura 'ty of rows of integlral tubular projections on a strip of ra iator forming material, means to per--" means to support said strip over v the stacking to sever the strip into elements of predeterof elements on said table at forming machine,

thereof.

ooved roller receiving said tubular projections in said grooves, and a V-shaped bottom in said grooves adapted to receive said-wings and bend them vertical position.

37. In aradiator forming machine of the to a substantially t pe described, means orming material in strip form, means to form a plurality of rows of integral tubular projections on said strip, comprising a plurality of forming matrices and plungers operating to form wide, shallow depressions in the strip and to progressively decrease.

the width and increase the depth of said depressions in a plurality of steps, means t9 advance said strip through the machine, comprising continuously operating feed rolls, grooves on one of said rolls to receive said projections, means to trim the edges of said strip and a stop adaptedto contact with the untrimmed edge of the sheet to control the advance of the strip through themachine. I r

38. In aradiator-forming machine, means to supply. radiator material in strip form, means to form a plurality of rows of i nte'gral tubular projections on said stfip, and means to advance said stri through themato supply radiator chine comprisingfeed r'ol s, having {metro conical surfaces adapted to form a longitudinal ridge along said strip to prevent c'urlin of the formed strip.

39. n a radiator forming to sup ly sheet metal radiator forming materia tegral tubular projections from said material, means to cutfthe material into radiator elements of uniform size, means to assemble machine, meansfneans to form a plurality of imthe cut elements in superposedrelation,

means to automatically stop the operation of determined number the machine when a pre of elements have" been superposed, and means to start the machine-from In testimony signature to this specification.

JOHN

'ther side;

whereof I have gafli x ed my 

